DSpace Зібрання:

Digital transformation of port activities in the context of investment-driven development of water transport

2026-08-04T08:11:19Z

Назва: Digital transformation of port activities in the context of investment-driven development of water transport Автори: Iefimova G.; Pashchenko O. Короткий огляд (реферат): The global maritime sector shifted from traditional port modernisation to systemic digital integration, which required new economic frameworks to justify smart technology investments while ensuring financial security. The purpose of the study was to substantiate the methodological foundations of the digital transformation of port activities in the context of investment-driven development of water transport. The research employed a comprehensive methodological approach, including system analysis, comparative and structural analysis, and economic-statistical modelling to assess investment efficiency through cash flow indicators, profitability, and risk evaluation. The findings demonstrated that digitalisation functioned as a multidimensional economic driver, reducing administrative and documentation costs by 20-30%, vessel turnaround time by up to 25%, and cargo dwell time by approximately 40%. The study proposed an enhanced investment appraisal methodology integrating Real Options Valuation to account for strategic flexibility and introduced a digital premium that adjusted the discount rate based on increased operational transparency. A key innovation was the incorporation of a technological lag coefficient into payback period calculations, aligning capital recovery with the shorter cycle of digital obsolescence. The results indicated that digital investments generated non-linear returns through increasing returns to scale as more stakeholders joined the ecosystem, enabling shorter payback periods and self-financing cycles. Furthermore, the study conceptualised a mechanism for integrating digitalisation effects into the port’s financial security architecture, proving that technological transparency and operational velocity serve as critical reserves for institutional resilience. The classification of digital risks into technological, financial, and cyber clusters allowed for a risk-oriented evaluation where investment projects were filtered through a security threshold to prevent systemic fragility. The practical value of the work lay in the developed tools for the economic justification of smart port projects, which enabled port operators and investors to accurately model incremental effects, optimise capital structure, and strengthen the financial security of water transport infrastructure in a digitalised global environment.

The inequality gap and the wartime shock: Income distribution in Ukraine

2026-08-04T07:42:55Z

Назва: The inequality gap and the wartime shock: Income distribution in Ukraine Автори: Saher L. Короткий огляд (реферат): Economic inequality has become a major global concern, and in Ukraine its assessment is complicated by methodological disagreements, post-Soviet institutional specificity, and the unprecedented distributional effects of the full-scale war that began in 2022. The study aimed to assess the dynamics of income inequality in Ukraine over 1990-2025 through systematic comparison of alternative data sources and international benchmarking against countries of similar institutional types. The methodological framework combined the analytical category of “inequality gap”, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with Tukey HSD post-hoc tests, pooled OLS, Fixed Effects, and Random Effects panel specifications, and the Hausman test for model selection. The analysis revealed a statistically significant intergroup typology of countries by inequality gap (F = 51.59; p< 0.001), within which Ukraine (0.163) belonged to the post-Soviet group alongside Georgia (0.211) and Moldova (0.185). Testing of the Kuznets hypothesis showed that the cross-country inverted U-curve (pooled OLS, peak at GDP≈10,452 USD) did not hold when the panel structure was controlled for: the Random Effects specification, selected via the Hausman test, yielded a U-shaped (anti-Kuznets) relationship with a minimum at GDP ≈ 21,288 USD. The Gini coefficient in Ukraine rose from 0.25 (2020) to 0.50 (2025), and the decomposition identified the asymmetric collapse of labour incomes in the bottom quintile alongside rising incomes of the top deciles as the key channel of this shock. The findings allowed positioning the Ukrainian situation not as a methodological anomaly but as a manifestation of institutional features of the post-Soviet space, requiring systemic reforms of economic de-shadowing and progressive asset taxation within the post-war recovery agenda.

Економіка розвитку № 2 (Т. 25)

2026-08-03T12:21:29Z

Назва: Економіка розвитку № 2 (Т. 25) Автори: Харківський національний економічний університет імені Семена Кузнеця Короткий огляд (реферат): «Економіка розвитку» – це науковий рецензований журнал із відкритим доступом, який публікує оригінальні дослідницькі та оглядові статті, що стосуються всіх аспектів економічного розвитку. Метою журналу є висвітлення результатів наукових досліджень, різних точок зору вчених із глобальних і поточних економічних проблем, аналіз перспектив розвитку.