Learning and speech situations as a tool for activating foreign language speaking activities

Abstract

The issues of foreign language teaching and the importance of learning and speech situations in the development of foreign language communicative competence have always been the focus of attention of many scientists and researchers whose works have made a significant contribution to the formation of modern approaches to language training of foreigners. The article examines the use of learning and speech situations as a tool for enhancing foreign language communication, focusing on the challenges faced by international students in the process of developing skills and abilities for academic and social integration in a foreign university environment. The article presents the types and sequence of situations used in teaching foreign students grammar and scientific constructions, starting with duplicating situations that focus on mastering grammatical structures and vocabulary and ending with combining situations that require students to use the language independently and creatively. The types and sequence of situations used in teaching dialogic and monologic speech are also considered, and the types of situations adapted to each of these forms of communication are presented. It is emphasized that the use of learning and speech situations contributes to the fact that what is learned ceases to be an exercise and acquires the features of speech. The article notes that the consolidation of new lexical and grammatical phenomena should take place only in a context that corresponds to a particular situation, because it is during the modeling of situations that students can practice choosing possible meanings that would correspond to a given situation. A learning and speech situation sharply narrows the possible range of word meanings, which is very important given the multivalence of words. In addition, by absorbing information in a specific speech situation, students will see how new vocabulary and grammatical structures can be used in different speech situations.