Mitigating economic losses and prospects for the development of the energy sector in the Republic of Kosovo

Abstract

The purpose of the study was to analyse the current economic problems in the energy sector of Kosovo and to develop effective strategies to overcome them, in particular ways to minimise losses and increase the stability of the energy system, as well as to study opportunities for ensuring the country’s long-term development and energy security. The main focus was on the economic impact of implementing international energy standards, particularly European ones, within Kosovo’s national policy and development strategy. The analysis emphasised the financial benefits and challenges associated with aligning the country’s energy sector with EU directives, especially those related to renewable energy sources and energy efficiency. Key areas of the study included the economic potential of enhancing energy security, promoting renewable energy development, and reducing reliance on fossil fuels. Additionally, the study evaluated the economic implications of these reforms on Kosovo’s energy market and overall economic growth trajectory. The study also included an economic analysis that assessed possible economic losses associated with the transition to renewable energy sources. Risks were considered, including job losses in traditional energy sectors such as coal and the significant financial costs required to upgrade infrastructure. However, the study found that the long-term benefits of a green energy transition, including increased energy security, reduced dependence on energy imports and improved environmental conditions, outweigh the short-term economic costs. The results showed that although the economic transition is accompanied by significant financial costs, the long-term benefits, such as increased energy security and reduced emissions, are substantial. The study highlights the importance of further reforms and investments to ensure the sustainable development of Kosovo’s energy sector, as well as the country’s integration into the European energy environment.