Accounting for Electronic Money Transactions in Enterprise Export-Import Operations

Abstract

The problematic field of this study concerns the techniques of execution and accounting treatment of payments made with electronic money in export and import operations of Ukrainian enterprises. The research identifies the insufficiency of theoretical and methodological guidelines regarding the procedures for making and recording payments in electronic money denominated in foreign currency, including those related to foreign trade activities. The current regulatory and legal framework governing the issuance and use of electronic money in Ukraine is analyzed. The range of electronic money circulating legally in Ukraine is classified according to the participants of the payment market. It is established that, in 2025, Ukrainian enterprises may use only the foreign payment system "Paysera" for settlements under export-import operations conducted with electronic money denominated in foreign currency. The study substantiates the inadequacy of the existing Chart of Accounts for the purposes of accounting for payments from electronic wallets in foreign trade transactions. Scientific developments aimed at improving the current Chart of Accounts for constructing accounting entries related to e-money payments are systematized. The use of an additional subaccount 336 "Electronic money denominated in foreign currency" is recommended for recording settlements with non-residents using electronic money. The procedure for revaluation of foreign-issued electronic money at the payment date and at the reporting (balance sheet) date, including the determination of exchange rate differences, is illustrated through a numerical example.