Analysis of contemporary solutions for minimizing plastic pollution during 2020-2025 and identification of future research directions

Abstract

A key condition for success is the ability to build long-term political will aimed not at temporary bans but at institutional and cultural transformations. In particular, this involves the need to transform the entire production–consumption logic toward systemic sustainability – from packaging and material design to shaping a culture of waste management. Effective strategies cannot be imposed externally; they must be developed with consideration of the national context while remaining aligned with international commitments and scientific standards. Thus, the fight against plastic pollution becomes a key indicator of the maturity of environmental governance and the capacity of states and companies to develop future scenarios based on sustainable principles.