The impact of microcredit on the economic growth of developing countries: Evidence and perspectives from Albania

Abstract

While microcredit has been widely studied in various global contexts, research on its specific impact within Albania remains limited. This study examined the impact of microcredit on economic growth in Albania for the period of 2013-2023. The data retrieved from the World Bank and the Bank of Albania was analysed using the linear regression model to quantify the relationship between microcredit levels and real gross domestic product growth in Albania. The regression results showed a strong positive relationship highlighting the importance of accessible microcredit as an economic driver. The period of 2013-2023 was marked by an increase in the amount of microcredit in millions of euros, as well as the number of borrowers, which indicated the growing popularity of this option in Albania. The introduced findings have policy implications, suggesting that expanding access to microcredit can support Albania’s growth objectives by enabling new businesses, creating jobs and increasing economic productivity. Based on comparative analysis of obtained findings and previously conducted research, it was recommended to enhance access to microfinancing options through regulations that facilitate the expansion of microcredit services, tax incentives, or partnerships with international organisations. It was also recommended to enhance equity by providing equal access to financing options for all population groups, including female and minority entrepreneurs. Although this study showed a strong relationship, further research is needed to establish causality and explore complementary factors that influence gross domestic product growth. Overall, the study highlighted the need for supportive financial policies and ongoing research to optimise the role of microcredit in sustainable development.