The impact of transformational changes in the national economy on the tourism industry development

Abstract

The article explores the impact of global trends and factors of national economic transformation on tourism development; examines the relationship between macroeconomic indicators and shifts in the tourism market, highlighting that industry growth often diverges from general economic crises; and emphasises the use of GDP and GNI – nominal, real, and at PPP – to evaluate investment dependencies and regional recreational potential. A key finding concerns the structural gap between global GDP and GNI, driven by profit repatriation via multinational corporations and digital booking platforms. Historical analysis of data from 1960 to 2024 reveals significant shifts in global financial flows, specifically detailing Ukraine’s transition. The study proposes that future tourism forecasting must integrate socio-demographic indicators and perceptions of personal safety, moving towards ‘balanced socio-eco-demographic spaces’ as new centres of attraction. This approach moves beyond traditional ‘tourist magnets’ to a more holistic understanding of evolving traveller behaviour in a transforming global economy.