Human capital in the system of digital transformation drivers

Abstract

The study examines the role of human capital within the system of drivers of digital transformation in the context of the development of the digital economy and the transition to the Industry 5.0 paradigm. The conceptual relationship between digital transformation, digital human capital, artificial intelligence, and labour productivity as key factors enhancing the competitiveness of the national economy is substantiated. The significance of digital competencies, lifelong learning, and adaptability as essential components of digital human capital is highlighted. The role of artificial intelligence as an institutional and technological environment that strengthens the effectiveness of digital transformation processes and facilitates the scaling of innovative solutions is identified. Based on statistical data from Eurostat and the OECD, the study analyzes the level of digital skills among the population, cross-country differences in the development of digital human capital, and their impact on labour productivity. It is demonstrated that the balanced development of digital transformation, human capital, and artificial intelligence technologies generates a multiplier effect that ensures sustainable economic growth, innovation-driven development, and long-term competitive advantages for countries in the global economy.